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Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer
Importance of Early Detection
Early detection of ovarian cancer is crucial for improving survival rates. When detected in the early stages, the five-year survival rate for ovarian cancer is over 90%. However, due to the subtle nature of its symptoms, only about 20% of ovarian cancers are detected at an early stage.
Screening Methods
Currently, there are no reliable and widely accepted screening tests for ovarian cancer in the general population. However, several methods are used for early detection, especially in high-risk women:
- Transvaginal Ultrasound (TVUS): This imaging test uses sound waves to create pictures of the ovaries and can help detect abnormalities.
- CA-125 Blood Test: This test measures the level of CA-125, a protein that is often elevated in women with ovarian cancer. However, elevated CA-125 levels can also occur in non-cancerous conditions, making it an imperfect screening tool.
- Pelvic Examination: A routine pelvic exam can sometimes detect abnormalities in the ovaries, but it is not highly effective for early-stage ovarian cancer.
Genetic Testing
For women with a family history of ovarian or breast cancer, genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations can provide valuable information about their risk. Those who test positive for these mutations may consider more intensive monitoring and preventive measures.
Awareness of Symptoms
Being aware of the symptoms of ovarian cancer and seeking medical attention if they persist can help in early detection. Women should not ignore persistent bloating, pelvic pain, or changes in bowel or bladder habits and should discuss these symptoms with their healthcare provider.
